Influence of Music free essay sample

Music and radio has establishes In American culture and the manner in which society Is today. The various kinds of music classes have molded American culture and social conduct of Americans. Sound media has impacted the mentalities of Americans and particularly todays youth and youthful grown-ups. Music and radio has given American culture its qualities, the way that Jazz, blues, and R;B made stone ; move, music made American culture. Music offers to youthful grown-ups, and youth as a getaway to the difficult situations of reality. Drawn by the unequivocal verses and beats, the young consistently scans out for music to move to and music to interface with. American culture has been consistently changing because of music and what is known as mainstream society. The should be acknowledged in a specific social gathering has a ton to do with music. Music got a social move the race isolation, dark specialists playing music with white craftsmen and for blended crowds. We will compose a custom article test on Impact of Music or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page American culture before the asss was a severe isolation culture and music took into consideration the boundary to be broken.Artists utilizing sexual Innuendoes and different jokes changed what as the standard of ethics and qualities and put a more liar attitude toward such things. Music has affected the receptiveness of sexuality and sexual direction. An ever increasing number of craftsmen are open about their sexuality, making to a greater extent a typical thing in American Culture. Being gay used to be avoided, and now it is straightforwardly celebrated. These things are a direct result of music. The radio began playing what was known as race music on white stations and this caused It so a variety of Americans to can hear and be presented to an expansive scope of music.Becoming increasingly satisfactory stone and OLL, punk, and hip jump have affected the adolescents and youthful grown-ups of American culture. The asss carried the insubordination out of teenagers with underground rock music, while the us hip-jump has bigly affected style and perspectives of individuals. Music has molded American culture from various perspectives, a method of communicating ones assessments and uniting gatherings of individuals with comparative Ideals and sentiments. A method of bringing what was various societies together and making one culture, The American Culture. Awesome is a type of music that has always changed the social conduct ofAmericans. Awesome has impacted American culture in the every day life, style and mentalities of most Americans. Awesome broke the race blockade, shaping in a period of a social liberties development. Awesome was another type of music that energized integration. Advancing dark specialists and white craftsmen playing dark Rock and move put an impression of sex, medications, and liquor to be acknowledged and what is viewed as cool. Specialists singing about taking medications, or connecting with arbitrary lady made it something to be romanticized. Awesome impacted youthful grown-ups to participate in dangerous behavior.Now is American culture, these things are nearly viewed as ordinary. Awesome formed design and is ceaselessly evolving style. Fans duplicate styles of their preferred craftsmen as an approach to communicate ones self. From tore up, close, or loose jeans, long hair, hued hair, or shaved heads, the design is continually evolving. A few styles returning and showing up in American culture, a ton of design originates from Rock and roll. Puncturing and tattoos once taboo, is turning out to be increasingly more satisfactory in American culture. It isn't daze to see specialists and homemakers with tattoos.Rock and roll has impacted this adjustment in American culture and tattoos are typical. Awesome craftsmen have changed the manner in which sexuality and sexual direction is taken a gander at. Awesome has made it alright to be gay and alright to dress how somebody needs. Awesome has given the cheerful mentality to youthful grown-ups. American culture has changed into a screw society, ethics and qualities kind of disposition, in light of what awesome has made society. Awesome has given a feeling of network to specific gatherings of individuals who share goals and values, and unites them into a specific setting. Awesome has majorly affected social conduct of Americans and American culture. Music affects social conduct and mentalities of Americans. Music gives individuals an outlet to communicate their assessments. Sound media has connections to American societies in consistently, changing and forming American into what it is today. Since the sasss even, individuals have searched out music as an approach to interface with others. Sound media is a consistently evolving thing, which will consistently think about the social conduct and perspectives of Americans.

Ch.12 - Book - America's Courts and the Criminal Justice System by Essay

Ch.12 - Book - America's Courts and the Criminal Justice System by David W. Neubauer, Henry F. Fradella - Essay Example This impact of the criminal principles of equity is evident since as far as possible the nature or sort of proof that courts may acknowledge and the reason for which the proof might be utilized. Criminal standards of proof likewise have the impact of comprehensively characterizing importance of realities while loosening up the custom-based law disallowances on witness competency. There are decides that expect courts to bar important realities only in view of their penchant to preference, disarray, delays and to delude (Neubauer and Fradella 454). For example, confirmations of different wrongdoings carried out can't be utilized to demonstrate adjustment to the wrongdoing conduct under audit while such confirmations can demonstrate thought process. Regardless of their apparent force decrease impacts, there are criminal principles of proof that really enable the courts. For example, there are rules of proof, which engages judges and courts to wipe out confirmations that are preferential , tedious, and incendiary or that are almost certain to squander the courts assets and

Square Deal

Theodore Roosevelt became president in September 1901 after the death of William McKinley making him the most remarkable individual in the legislature. As president, Roosevelt progressed political changes, including the overwhelming guideline of business. Roosevelt was the main president to effectively summon the Sherman Antitrust Act against syndications and kept on limiting organizations all through his administration. His changes extraordinarily affected monetary, ecological, and universal issues also. Roosevelt’s stage got known as the â€Å"Square Deal† on the grounds that he pledged not to support any gathering of Americans however to be reasonable for all. When Theodore Roosevelt went into office he made it his strategic get everybody what they merited, a â€Å"square bargain. † The fair arrangement implied that everybody had a similar equivalent chances. Theodore Roosevelt got one of the most remarkable presidents that assaulted trusts and partnerships to make them just with the goal that everybody could succeed. Approach: I made numerous strides in my examination. First I was alloted my subject The Square Deal. So I proceeded to open my history course book and looked into my subject to get a general importance of it. My initial step was planning for my examination by conceptualizing thoughts and potential hotspots for my subject. Additionally I framed research inquiries concerning my engaged theme. I limited my point to make it reasonable and arranged how I would do my examination. Next I got to my assets by choosing what assets would be ideal, picking a couple of essential and auxiliary sources. After, I handled the data, where I took a gander at the data from my chose sources and chose if they may be useful towards my allocated theme. For instance the primary ideas like foundation data, certain impacts from the subject, political perspectives and points of view. At that point I composed the data in various classes, and built up my own thoughts regarding them, which would assist me with framing a blueprint for my exploration paper. Results: The Square Deal was President Theodore Roosevelt’s residential program shaped upon four essential thoughts of preservation, managing business restraining infrastructures, nforcing the counter trust act, and supporting dynamic thoughts. The three C's of his Square Deal were control of organizations, shopper assurance, and protection of characteristic assets. Roosevelt was focused on tending to the issues of work and corporate action. Roosevelt safeguarded the privilege of work to arrange, and maintain a strategic distance from the utilization of government troops to put down strikes. In 1902, he mediated in a United Mine Workers Strike and helped work get the board to consent to restricting intervention. The referees granted the excavators a pay increment and an abbreviated workday. Roosevelt additionally attempted to confine the intensity of large business by separating a restraining infrastructure. Additionally reacting to the maligners on the unsanitary conditions in food plants and the risky fixings in nourishments and medications, Roosevelt embraced the Pure Food and Drug Act and the Meat Inspection Act, both went in 1906. The main demonstration precluded the offer of erroneously named nourishments and prescriptions, and the second settled government guidelines for meatpackers and an arrangement of assessment. Roosevelt was on a basic level a preservationist, yet comprehended the requirement for bargain. He accomplished this trade off through his preservation program, which accommodated the directed utilization of the nation’s wild. Roosevelt assigned 200 million sections of land as national backwoods, mineral stores, and potential waterpower locales, and included five national parks and eighteen national landmarks to the rundown of ensured lands. In 1908 Roosevelt made the National Conservation Commission to stock the nation’s assets and deal with their utilization all the more effectively. Having become president not long after the American triumph in the Spanish-American War, Roosevelt was sure about America’s status as a significant universal force and his methodology on his international strategy. Roosevelt’s most striking accomplishment in international strategy was the structure of the Panama Canal, a fake conduit extending through Panama, which was then piece of Colombia. Since the waterway associated the Atlantic and Pacific seas and unfathomably abbreviated delivery courses, Roosevelt considered its to be as critical to American financial and oceanic interests. These were all significant pieces of Roosevelt’s Square Deal that had an effect in reestablishing America. Right up 'til today the move which Roosevelt made in the issue is viewed, by numerous individuals of those radicals who can’t see anything great in â€Å"big business,† as a proof of his undue compassion for the entrepreneur. Be that as it may, after thirteen years the United States Supreme Court in choosing the body of evidence against the United States Steel Corporation happened to be agreeable to the Corporation, which totally defended Roosevelt's activity.

Vignette 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Vignette 4 - Essay Example The three young men of three-fifth grade possess themselves into unsavory exercises during the way toward learning. Instructors and understudies must become familiar with the important methods of exploring inside social contrasts in a conscious manner and air of shared regard. This advances learning in the best approaches to create thoughts that advance improvement inside learning. Understudies increment their capacity of realizing when exercises are led in a socially responsive way that is steady with the network esteems and standards of cooperation. It is fundamental for educators to show understudies new techniques for discovering that includes intuitive social support since it advances understudies learning. In vignette 4, understudies yell out answers that inspire chuckling interfering with the learning procedure. It disturbs the other students’ consideration and creates lack of regard to different researchers, as the educator suit superfluity in showing her obligations a s a teacher. Study hall uses of Vyogotskian hypothesis clarify the significance of instructor arrangement and changing jobs of educator in the socio social study hall. The hypothesis clarifies the changing jobs of instructors and understudies to create understanding in their jobs and educating strategies. Additionally, socio social advancements of Vygoskian hypothesis decides learning designs that helps educators in creating important showing techniques for the understudies particularly in their various societies that makes the learning procedure fascinating. In addition, students’ conversing with one another in a similar study hall implies disrespect and poor listening abilities among the understudies. Such understudies consequently perform inadequately toward the finish of the semester since a portion of the significant angles instructed in the homeroom disregard them and they not, at this point become acquainted with a portion of the significant subtleties that were instru cted in that address. In light of brain science and training, effect on naturalism is the primary driver of

New Nature-y Books To Read During April Showers

New Nature-y Books To Read During April Showers It is April now and spring has finally arrived where I live. Daffodils are starting to bloom, birds are laying eggs, the world is starting to look a little green again. Of course now we have to contend with spring rainstorms, and what better way to spend a rainy day than reading about all the plants that have finally returned after winter  and the birds that are chirping again? Here are some new(ish) books about the natural world that would be perfect for reading during April showers. The Cabaret of Plants: Forty Thousand Years of Plant Life and Human Imagination by Richard Mabey: This book looks at the history of our relationships with plants how plants have inspired us to create art, to worship, to write poetry, and the ways that we have used plants as symbols. Mabey blends botany with history, philosophy, and art and the book is full of interesting tidbits and  beautiful photos. The Genius of Birds by Jennifer Ackerman (out 4/12): Weve all heard the term bird brain being used pejoratively to describe someone who is, ahem, not so smart. This book turns the meaning of that phrase on its head by exploring all the ways in which birds are actually pretty darn smart. Genius, even. Birds have quite  large  brains compared to their size and weight and have densely packed neurons. Ackerman looks at the many types of bird intelligence from the ability of songbirds to learn to vocalize/imitate complex songs to pigeons who can find their way home from almost anywhere to crows who can solve difficult  puzzles. This book investigates all the amazing things that birds can do and will make you look at your backyard birds a little differently this spring. Rain: A Cultural and Natural History by Cythia Barnett: What better to read about on a rainy day than rain itself? This is a microhistory of rain and it is a delightful account of both the science behind rain and all the ways that humans have attempted to understand and control it  from rain dances and weather gods to trying to coax it out of the sky by shooting guns at clouds, we have really tried it all. Lab Girl by Hope Jahren (out 4/5): I picked this book up initially because  I saw that the New York Times said that it does for botany what Oliver Sackss essays did for neurology, sold. This book is a wonderful mix of science and memoir. Jahren writes beautifully about her life-long love of plants  and the journey she takes from being a young girl tinkering in her fathers lab to  becoming a professor of geobiology and running her own lab. She masterfully captured in this book both the excitement and the struggle of dedicating your life to scientific research and the passion and dedication it requires. Pandemic: Tracking Contagions, from Cholera to Ebola and Beyond by Sonia Shah: This is a fascinating, if terrifying, look at contagious diseases how they arise, how they spread, and the factors that lead us to panic over them or to underestimate them. Shah investigates how we can use the  history of pandemics to understand, prevent, and manage them in the future. Read this while it is raining because  you will feel much better about never being able to leave your house. The Invention of Nature: Alexander von Humboldts New World by Andrea Wulf: Naturalist and explorer Alexander von Humboldt was without a doubt the most famous scientist of his era his work influenced the likes of Darwin, Goethe, Thomas Jefferson, Thoreau, and Simon Bolivar. He traveled the world collecting samples and measuring mountains, was received by kings, and championed a novel, revolutionary way of thinking about nature. So why has one has ever heard of him? This is a fascinating biography that follows Humboldt on his grand adventure to understand the natural world. Sign up for True Story to receive nonfiction news, new releases, and must-read forthcoming titles. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

The privatization of SOEs - Free Essay Example

The privatization of SOEs has over time been a big and important issue in the development of the economy. This has lead to the development of many theories which explains the ideas behind what is expected practically expected and the principle on which privatization exercises are based. This chapter will however will discuss the relevant theoretical and empirical literatures of this study by focusing on objectives and rationale. This involves critically examining the theories that have been developed over time by different authors and how their impact privatization as regards the objectives of this study. This will also state why privatization is vital for the growth and development of some sectors and why, it will not in some other sectors within the economy. Finally, analysis on how privatization affects the performance of the industry and company in question will also be discussed. 3.2 Factors Determining Privatization SOE were highly inefficient and grow at a very slow pace, too much bureaucratic issue that can cause no room for innovation and were also subject to constant government political intervention as well as administration change. It is also over dominated by the power of Labor Trade Union (Veljnovski 1987). However after the successful privatization of BT in 1984 by the Thatchers administration, it became an economic policy that can be used to reduce the political pressure that exist within the SOEs such as inefficient use of financial and operational performances but could this be a means to wealth creation for investors, who through the spread and acquisition of shares ownership, restructuring and refocusing of SOEs economic objectives as well as cutting of labor Trade Unions influence and power will maximize profit. An argument that must be stressed here is that of the difficulty in interpreting the indictors of financial performance which might tell us little directly about eith er the performance within and outside the business environment economy. Take for example; poor financial performance may be consistent with high rate of internal efficiency if the formal is as a result of government policy of price control. However, since SOEs frequently respond to anticipated market failures, profit maximization and similar related measures might not necessary, be a reliable indicator for their poor performances over time (Ramanadham 1993). Rather this study will support that failure of SOEs, could be as a result of rapid demand for their goods and services faced by their steady but slow growth to reach maximum productivity movement rather than to totally shift production function ton scale was relative to their poor operational and financial performance. Yarrow (1986), however argued against privatization stating that competition and more forceful accountability will even be better than privatization in promoting both financial and operational efficiency but hi s argument has a limitation, it only focused on a small number of company within UK. Ramanadham (1993) pointed out that the objective of privatization is realized more if it becomes successful within a short period of time either by stock market price rise or increase in the level of efficiency or productivity bringing about instance economic growth and development. But when reverse is the case if it fails, which happens some time which even makes the impact of privatization becomes more undesirable. So it is best to set up a good regulatory frame work to remedy the situation when the objectives of privatization are not met in the short term to increase the firms level of efficiency through prize cap which also has its own disadvantage. In a further argument by Megginson et al (1994) whose strong support from recent theoretical and empirical perspective, that private firms will always outperform SOEs stating that privatization itself will always increase both the financial and op erational efficiency of firms irrespective of the business environment.  While another view by Moore (1992) who argued that the act of privatization promotes economic efficiency and public confidence (one of the major objectives of property right theory) in the system of industrial capitalism and thus SOEs should be sold off before efficiency gains can be realized. He also argued that the success of privatization transforms business attitude towards ownership, economic responsibility and towards improvement of corporate performances. It also allows government play an important role of regulation leaving the ownership of firms in the hand of investors and individuals who will perform better as there are more faced with scare resource and the market forces. It is clear now that different factors can lead to privatization especially when SOEs has underperformed both financially and operationally causing government political pressure, budget deficit and waste of scare resource and even administrative failure. 3.4 Evaluation of the theories of Privatization Principal Agent Theory Vickers and Yarrow (1995) points out that a problem exist in the principal agent theory as the principal interest greatly lies in profit making and so its interest might conflict with that of the agent who might pursue other objective apart from profitability. Further stating that since the formal do not have full information concerning what is happening within the SOE and cannot fully control the attitude of the agents who might be over ambitious and purse his own objectives. This will certainly create monitoring problems for the principal. This in fact creates both financial and operational problems directly or indirectly in some cases as the agents pursed objective might even be very different from the original objectives set to be achieved. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.am looking for more explanation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. However when shareholders can influence the behaviors of agents (management) through vote as the only way to keep them in check to work at an efficient level in order to be focused on the set objective and maximize profit. On the other hand when the rate of efficiency increases, it leads to higher revenue which is mostly one of the objectives, to brings about higher income and dividend for its shareholders. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.needs more explanation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Property Right Theory This is a set of right to control assets. It is a consequently grants of authority made to an investor or a group of investors through right of issue of share or control either public or private and acknowledged by other persons or organizations (Lindblom, 1977) De Soto (2006) argues that lack of formal property right is what has kept developing economies from been developed stating that it limits the amount of goods and services that can be exchanged in the market in order to have a sustainable long term economy growth. While Easterly (2001) opinion quite similar, to the views of Soto suggests that property right is a significant factor for long term economy growth. This is due to the fact that property right creates a very strong incentive for investors to even invest since there are certain about the ownership of such properties. As a matter of fact in most case it is true that mangers of most SOE and even privatized organizations are more concerned with their salaries, the gro wth and development, and reputation of the organization rather than achieving the objectives of the firms. The property right theory has an objective of promoting work incentive within SOEs solving employees negligent attitude towards work. However, lack of competition and monopoly power contributes a major factor to why this employees are negligent towards work which is a major fact to why most SOE perform absolutely poor and a leading factor to privatization.  The major focus of this theory is the given control right to manage asset in order to achieve the set objectives which is mainly to create employment and basic amenities for its citizens for SOEs while for private firm is profit maximization. However a standard property right approach to public and private ownership acknowledges that there are agency problems in all forms of ownership, but because ownership is transferable through a competitive capital market in the private sector, a better use of resource will resul t. However this theory claims that managing by the shareholders would be more efficient than monitoring through political process. It further emphasizes upon the reduction of property right both where public ownership exists and explores the sequences of property right for efficiency. However property right theory can contribute to the growth and development of the nation economy through the stock market if a formal structured and transparent legal frame work or intuitional policies are adopted and established to protect property right as well as an effective regulatory body to monitor each transaction. The Maximizing Privatization Revenue Theory This theory sets out the assumption about the information between the government and the buyers on the true value of the firm to be privatized assuming that the investor (Buyer) do not have enough information about the firm profitability. However the theory predicts that the government sale off of existing SOEs will see to a continuous performance of the function of profit maximization of such firm. Since the SOE management reports to the relevant government ministry about its financial and operational performance, the government will be able to extract all the information it gets and obtain a reasonable sales price that will equally reflect the true value of the existing SOE before it is privatized. The bottom line is that as buyer observes the sale of the first SOE, their reaction towards investing in the second SOEs will so much depend upon what premium shareholders were able to make in the first deal. Public Choice This theory is concerned more directly with actual behavior in the public sector. The core argument is that politicians and state bureaucrats purse their own objectives rather than the public interest. (Downs, 1967; Niskanen, 1971; Buchanan, 1972; Blankart, 1983). Here policies are arranged to maximize politicians political own objectives such as votes to retain political power and SOEs are given extensive Budgets so that bureaucrats will benefit from better jobs and higher salaries (Migue and Belanger, 1974). Also public monitoring of spending is inhibited†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Benefit and Cost Theory This theory argues that privatization will increase market share because privately owned enterprises have better incentives to produce goods and services in what quality and quantity the consumers would desire more. However in this case the companies who tend to succeed are the ones that will be able to meet consumers needs (market demand and supply forces). Also it is believed that the discipline of the capital market creates an avenue for additional resources and growth to an extent, depends on the past financial and operation performances. This theory then believes that with privatization, the consumers will dictate what their what should be produced rather than the government choosing which mostly reflects short term political pressure and problems the management of public sector capital requirement. 3.5 Empirical Evaluation of Privatization In an the work of Boardman and Vining (1989), the 1983 empirical examination of a sample size of 500 largest mining and manufacturing firms based on sales per employee and per asset after controlling for regulation and competition within the business environment concluded that private firms are more efficient and profitable compared to SOEs. This could also be as a result of the pressure from the market environment competition and possible takeover as a result underperformance especially when the government is running at so many deficits in the firm or sector. While in another empirical study by Steven et al (1999) proved an empirical evidence on how political factor impact the offer of shares pricing, allocation. After examining a sample of 630 Share option privatization from about 53 countries, it became clear that even when government do not longer interfere with the daily administration (operating activities), to private owners in the initial share offer it still have veto powe rs through the golden share strategy to cancel or accepts some policy change that might occur in order to protect national interest. Megginson et al (1994), further explained that the restructuring that occurs prior to the privatization exercise takes place to motivates employees to work towards attaining efficiency by cutting cost, maximizing productivity and profitability to increase both financial and operational performances. However BT share issues as suggest by Redwood (1988) did more than just to enable Britain to establish the worlds first largest scale privatization program but it also led to the intervention of part of popular capitalism in the country. The ideas of seeking a large new generation of small savers came out of immediate need of a marketing campaign to sell the worlds largest ever equity offering to individuals or investors to own a direct stake of SOEs. This made the use of privatization program as a means of extending share ownership among work force of S OEs and to the public at last as it became clear that the privatization exercise is an economic policy for growth and development. However this method of privatization was used in UK, during the privatization of BT, was more than every other thing politically motivated by the Thatchers Administration in order to retain power powers in the coming elections. However Boycko et al (2003) examined and discovered that SOE are often persistently unprofitable because their objective is to maximize employment and create quality goods and services for its local citizens rather that maximization of profit to create wealth for its shareholders. But this is also attributed to political interference by the government and the incentive subsides to SOEs managers to reduce input prices and implicit guarantees to cover operating losses and the constant demand from labor unions. Megginson et al 2003 suggest in terms of efficiency, when SOEs are privatized and then competition sets in, the gov ernment would expect a trade off. This will result into the cancellation of non economic objectives from the privatized SOEs rather a force from the new investors to employ all their resources more efficiently because when efficiency is not applied to the existing resources there would be no further improvement and therefore a failure in the financial and operating performance. However when the opposite is done there will be a positive growth level over short term and long term both in the return on capital employed and employee performances in productivity. However in term of capitals structure most articles (ref) has argued that because privatized firms have more access to public fund through the capital market, this can become a possibility to increase capital base for them to spend in the restructuring of the privatized SOEs in order to meet up with the already existing privatized firms in the industry or if it is the first privatized firm in the industry as at then, to meet up with restructuring and innovation as it might face competition soon enough. Furthermore, the now there will be pressure on the rational use of resource especially financial resources politically attractive goods and service will be cut off to produce economic goods and services that will boast return on capital employed as well as innovative new products that will expand market coverage and increase market share will be encouraged. 3.6 Impacts of Privatization on Companys Performance The impact of privatization is a direct result that is linked to the method of privatization. The problem identified with it is that in some cases it is hard to identify such result differently from the result which may be associated from other economic circumstances like a more liberal regulatory policies, change in management policies or sudden use of idle capacities that may have contributed to improved performance rather than the privatization exercise itself. However this study focuses on only the circumstances induced as a result of the privatization exercise which in some cases are almost immediate and other case may take a longer time.  For instance this could be from lay off of labor forces to increase in share prices or restructuring of the existing management style. The best way to examine the impact of privatization could be to divide it into two aspects, one from the inside angle (how this has changed the financial and operational performance) and the other the ou tside angle (how this has changed the companys performance in relation to other firms in the sector and the economy at large) Operational Privatization can affect the performance of a company based on an assumption that once a firm start existing in a private setting it will be subject to strong, constant and challenging pressure to performance efficiently because it is now faced with a rapid, changing and very competitive business environment where it has tom struggle for resource and market share to survive. Privatization can be an effective way to bring about fundamental structural change by formalizing and establishing property right which directly creates strong individual incentives (Filipovic 2005). The processes of privatization that involves sale of shares to employees, labor  unions, local investors make this investor to work more efficiently to cut cost and make more profit which will reflect in dividends or share prices. However privatization will promote competition and increase efficiency especially in situation where the government relevant regulatory authorities cap the pricing of a service of product. Little Child†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ However economist like Vickers and Yarrow (1998), suggest that privatization may not increase efficiency without competition. But some privatized industries like the telecoms, are usually now oligopolistic, rather than going into price wars that will increase their levels of efficiency will rather agree to fix price within them. They argue that cost reduction may be too small to outweigh the benefits of competition. Moreover Martin and Parker (1997), believes that being exposed to competition does not necessary make privatization in the UK more successful. However another issue that leads to privatization is the response to the failures associated with SOEs (Parker and Saal, 2003). Megginson and Netter (2001), outlined some of the theoretical arguments on the advantage of private ownerships compared to SOEs stating first that contracting ability affects the efficiency of SOEs, then there is an advantage to the goal of shareholders weal th maximization and it provides a well defined goal that guides a firm policy. On the other side government has many objectives other than profit.  These objectives can change from one administration to another hence the inability of government to be committed credibly can significantly reduce the efficiency of SOEs operations and administrations. In addition the government goals can be inconsistent with efficiency, maximizing social welfare or even malicious. However Littlechild (?) in his argument believes that they could be a danger associated with identifying what objectives should be achieved in this new business environment (Post Privatization) clearly focusing on defined objectives. He further went ahead to induce a price cap method that can encourage efficiency by putting a cap on profit margin to encourage minimization of production cost and increase in efficiency in order to make more profit. This was going to be reviewed from time to time to ensure that go with econo mic situation within the business environment. The weakness associated with this was that there were no incentives for the manager to work more efficiently as †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..The impact of privatization on a firm can also range from productive efficiency, competition allocative efficiency (Kay et al 1986). Manne (1965) argues that the incentive for productive efficiency comes with the aim to maximize profit and stay in business within the strong hold of competition in the business environment and corporate control. After much analyzes and this study can argue that in most cases one can believe that it might be that privatize firm will not perform better than SOE expect for the fact that due to the competition created as a result of privatization that leads to market pressure, private firms will then strive to survive within the market environment in order not to be takeover and bankrupted or even die off (Pryke 1982) However the performance of company as a result of privatization can be affected either by the controlling share the new investor have because some vital sectors been privatized by the government cab not be totally left in the hands of private investors because the vital role it might play in the economy. In this situation, both parties most agree to a set objective or any policy change that can lead to improving the financial or operational performance of a firm. Thus the distinguishing feature of the different methods and objectives of privatization, in comparison with a firms performance post privatization will determine to a greater extend the performance of a said firm. For instance the full or partial privatization of a firm through share option method, can see different investors or group investors with different objective to invest which in some case can lead failure depending on what percentage each investor has or the lobby power or even voting right one investor or groups of investor can have to bring about a p olicy change through restructuring the production resources or reduction of work force. This is the more reason why in most privatization exercise the government tries and owns the majority share in order to still be in control of deciding what objectives to achieve. However the problem with this is that it become too political as government will only vote for policies that will only serve their own purpose without considering the investor entrepreneur skill and objectives of wealth maximization

Autism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd ) - 2430 Words

Autism Spectrum Disorder F84.0 [299.00] Literature Review Psychopathology 620Z0 January 30th, 2015 Bay Path College Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) F84. 0 [299.00] is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder with varying degrees and manifestations that has both genetic and environmental causes, in which the symptoms are usually recognized in early childhood, which progress into adulthood. The three primary areas affected by ASD are communication, socialization, and motor behavior, and it is often associated with an intellectual disability (26). The current edition of the DSM, the DSM-5, no longer recognizes once separate autism spectrum disorders, including Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD), Asperger’s Disorder (AD), childhood disintegrative disorder, and autistic disorder. This change has created a controversial conversation. The first two journal articles are studies that were conducted that specifically explore ASD’s diagnostic place in the latest edition of the DSM, the DSM-5. All of these studies are vary based on research, data, and methods, but share similar ideals abou t ASD’s place in the DSM-5. The third journal article is a study on patterns of the developmental course in toddlers with ASD. The following article, Diagnosing Autism Spectrum Disorder: who will get a DSM-5 diagnosis? was taken from the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. This study sheds light on some the current controversy in regards to the changes associated with autismShow MoreRelatedAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd )1722 Words   |  7 Pagesin every sixty-eight births are diagnosed with the Autism spectrum disorder in other words (ASD), which is about one percent of the world’s population. And that more than three point five million people in America live with a person who has the Autism spectrum disorder. 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So for you to understand I will be talking about Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) or Autism in a childs life. I will be talking about what autism is, the history and descriptionRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd )1587 Words   |  7 Pages Topic: Autism Spectrum Disorder  (ASD) Purpose: My audience will learn the importance of recognizing early signs of Autism Spectrum Disorder in children. Thesis: It is important to understand the early signs of Autism Spectrum Disorder, and why early intervention is the best treatment. Introduction: Gain/maintain attention There is a television show I like to watch called â€Å"The Big Bang Theory, maybe some of you have seen it. This show focuses on the relationships between a group of friends, someRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd ) Essay1168 Words   |  5 PagesAutism Spectrum Disorder, as defined by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders, refers to a group of complex neurodevelopment disorders characterized by repetitive and characteristic patterns of behavior and difficulties with social communication and interaction (ninds.nih.gov). Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a very complex developmental disorder and the term ‘spectrum’ was added to the original term simply known as ‘Autism’ due to the wide range of symptoms associated with the disorderRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd )1852 Words   |  8 PagesThe following paper is going to cover the topic of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Using research and data collected from various authors and journalists the paper will describe the different variations of autism and discuss the impact autism has on a person- in society, at home, in the classroom, and in their careers. Beginning at infancy, autism has a major impact on not just the child but their family’s life as well. The child’s lack of ability to interpret social cues, gestures, and expressionsRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd ) Essay1240 Words   |  5 PagesAutism Spectrum Disorder Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a range of conditions grouped under the neurodevelopmental disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) published in 2013 (Kress Paylo, 2015). Those who are diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder must present two types of symptoms: 1) Deficits in social communication and social interaction and 2) Restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests or activities (APA, 2013). The DSM-5 merged all autism

What I Choose Apu As A Nurse For More Than 10 Years With A...

Nursing is an art and science, defined by its body of knowledge, scholarship, and practice. I’ve been a nurse for more than 15 years with a clinical and academic experience. I choose APU as my place of work for its clear declaration of God First in all that is being done. Since I started at APU in 2013 until now, I’ve designed my courses to include the-state-of-the-art knowledge, ethics, and practice in nursing. In all of my classes, I start the lecture with a devotion of the day from various books, such as the book â€Å"Jesus calling†. The words of this book speak to each and every student. I feel it gives encouragement on daily basis. I also show a lot of videos that are inspirational, and could have a message related to the topic we’re discussing in class that day. We usually take some time for prayers and reflection on the week since I last saw them. Beside all that, I do have specific individual assignments for every course. For one of my courses, students work in groups of four. Each group selects a clinical phenomenon of interest. They’ll be conducting literature review to get familiar with what is known and what’s missing about this phenomenon. Also students search the literature for suitable nursing theoret ical frameworks to guide their research project. By researching various theories of interest, students have to identify the four concepts of the nursing meta-paradigm: human, environment, health and nursing. Knowledge shaped about these concepts is revealed through

How Does The Views Of Lgbtiq Change Over Time Across The...

GP Essay New Changing Communities How does the views of LGBTIQ change over time across the globe? The everlasting discussions and debates about the LGBTIQ group has gotten more popular as awareness is given to the variations of sexual orientation and gender identity. According to The Free Dictionary, LGBTIQ stands for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Intersex and Queer/ Questioning, which represents the group of people with sexual orientations or gender identities different from the heterosexual or cisgender majority. The reasons of this anomaly have been explained and accepted by many scientists that it is not a choice but rather a biological and unchangeable feature from birth.[1] The irrational fear of, aversion to, or†¦show more content†¦Moreover, as the churches has gotten so powerful, it would have been quite unlikely to not follow the guidelines set by the churches. During the early periods of society, where the society needs the population to develop, the ability to reproduce is valued greatly. Anything that is against it is spontaneously seen as evil. The l ack of understanding during that time period made homosexuality exotic therefore fearful for the general public, which might be the cause of churches linking homosexuality as sinful. However, even in a country where Christianity is the dominant religion, people’s views towards homosexuality has altered drastically. Modern acts supporting homosexuality is very dominant. Acts supporting homosexuality such as Christopher Street Liberation Day and LGBT Pride Month is celebrated annually, Western countries being one of the first, just according to this ç »Å¸Ã¨ ® ¡. The Western countries (Europe, North America and Oceania) are the ones to accept homosexuality first. This might because that the economics has advanced dramatically in Western countries (MEDCs) so people are more educated, therefore thinking rationally and scientifically about homosexuality and acknowledging that it is a normal. This drastic improvement can be shown by laws legalizing homosexual marriage, which the Western countries already have done. However, in Asia and Africa this trend is slower as the economy is less developed so people are less educated

Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre Jane Eyres Artwork Essay

Jane Eyres Artwork Each picture told a story; mysterious often to my undeveloped understanding and imperfect feelings, yet ever profoundly interesting. --Jane Eyre (9) There is something extraordinary and spiritual about Jane Eyres artwork. In her story, Janes solitary pastime sometimes operates as an outlet of past or present pain, and often offers her a chance to deal with unpleasant memories and emotions. Janes art transcends her isolation by bringing her into contact with others who see it; it serves as a bridge over the chasm between her desire to be alone and her need for companionship, which is demonstrated by key scenes in the novel that include a viewing of her art. This struggle between isolation†¦show more content†¦Fairfaxs verbal description (169). She claims that it is madness in all women to let a secret love kindle within them, and resolves to reject imagination and resign herself to reason; at that point, she decides that she could never be the object of Mr. Rochesters affections (168-9). Jane treats herself as her own pupil, and criticizes herself for abandoning sense and resolution and vows to have them for the moment, a fter which she falls asleep easily (170). This scene is curiously like the first time Jane resolves to produce art while a young girl at Lowood, except the focus of that former moment was strictly on the imagination, where Jane was content to imagine the spectacle of my ideal drawings, after which she also fell contentedly asleep (78). Because Jane does not want to abandon sense and reason, her portraits at this point are based on reality; she uses Mrs. Fairfaxs descriptions in conjunction with socially constructed native theories of the time to develop what she thinks Blanche Ingram should look like. In other words, one of the biggest conventions of this novel regarding Victorian women is brought out in the moment Jane paints this portrait?conventional views of how they should look, and, in reality, what Jane is not. She is not allowing herself to have dreams of a better life with Rochester, much like St. John not able to bring himself toShow MoreRelatedPainting Analysis in Jane Ey re3436 Words   |  14 PagesDrawing a Breath of Fresh Eyre From the opening chapter of Charlotte Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Jane Eyre the reader becomes aware of the powerful role that art plays. There is something extraordinary about the pictures Jane admires from other artists, as well as the work she creates herself. Her solitary pastime often operates as an outlet of pain, either past or present, and offers her the opportunity to deal with unpleasant emotions and memories. Jane’s art transcends her isolation by bringing her into contact

Evard Munch’s “The Scream” Free Essays

Analysis of Edvard Munch’s â€Å"The Scream† Just a few months ago, a painting by the famous Norwegian painter Edvard Munch titled â€Å"The Scream†, was sold in an auction for an unprecedented $120 million American dollars. Even at first glance, it is easy to notice why this artwork is so valuable and iconic. The vibrant colors used in the painting along with the emotions it conveys all stand out very distinctly. We will write a custom essay sample on Evard Munch’s â€Å"The Scream† or any similar topic only for you Order Now The screaming man’s expression, the colors, as well as the swirling motion of the sky, work together to invoke in its audience primal feelings. Initial impressions of the painting are often those feelings associated with the sublime, foreboding, angst, and a bit of terror, thrown in for good measure. All in all, this very famous expressionist piece of art is trying to express to its audience the absolute fearsomeness and awesomeness in nature. â€Å"The Scream† is a contrast between the vastness and majesty of nature and the insubstantiality of mankind. â€Å"The Scream† was painted by Norwegian artist, Edvard Munch between 1893 and 1910 during the Expressionist period. According to Dictionary. com, expressionism is, â€Å" a style of art developed in the 20th century, characterized chiefly by heavy, often black lines that define forms, sharply contrasting, often vivid colors, and subjective or symbolic treatment of thematic material† (dictionary. com). During this period, artists such as Munch put heavy emphasis on perspectives of the individual as well as emotional angst. The painting itself was painted on a cardboard canvas with oils and is roughly 36 inches high by 28. inches wide. The size of the painting shows that the â€Å"screaming† figure in the foreground is very close to lifesize, which makes it the focal point of attention, and causes the audience to first notice the figure and its chilling expression followed by the stark contrasts of light and dark behind the figure, and it is here where the painting derives much of its emotion. Behind the â€Å"screaming† man is a river which flows into the night, which bleeds in to day. Munch’s use of light and dark colors seems to represent calm and anguish, respectively. In the background of the painting are two figures walking into the the horizon, not paying any mind to the blood-red sky nor the despairing man screaming on the bridge. The figures walking away could be seen as Munch’s emphasis on the individual’s perspective. The screaming man is the individual and he realizes both the benevolence and malevolence of nature and can do nothing but scream. The two featureless figures in the background could represent Munch’s expression of the group or group mentality, who are only concerned with their daily lives and are completely unaware of the daunting vastness of nature presented right before their eyes. Perhaps this is Munch’s way to describe how he feels about society as a whole. He feels disconnected from the group as only he notices the horror about his surroundings. Only he sees the violence in the landscape. The direction of the painting seems to be counter-clockwise, originating from the screamer’s head. The reason for this could be that Munch was showing us that perhaps the â€Å"screaming† man is projecting his realities outward, as it spreads from the river to the bloodstained skies. According to the Art History Guide, â€Å"Munch suffered from agoraphobia, which could explain why the vast open space in the background gives the feeling of being overhwhelm[ed]† (Arthistoryguide. com). This would also explain the main figure’s expression of fear and anxiety. The reason why Munch painted this piece has been debated throughout the years. However, sometimes some explanations can be the most obvious ones. In an article found on Wikipedia, regarding the painting, it describes how Munch wrote, â€Å"†I was walking down the road with two friends when the sun set; suddenly, the sky turned as red as blood. I stopped and leaned against the fence, feeling unspeakably tired. Tongues of fire and blood stretched over the bluish black fjord. My friends went on walking, while I lagged behind, shivering with fear. Then I heard the enormous, infinite scream of nature. † (Wikipedia. org). Judging by the main figure’s pose, with his hands covering his ears in shock, one can assume that when he heard nature’s scream, it was deafeningly loud. The sheer intensity of the volume along with the traumatic experience of existential angst is what is, most likely, producing the look of terror on the main figure’s face. His facial expression is a very good translation of what Munch’s idea of absolute terror might be. The colors in the background support this idea further through Munch’s choice of powerful, expressive colors. The deep crimson hues give off a feeling of danger, paranoia, and anxiety while the dark blues relates to loneliness or sadness. The terror is further exemplified with the figures in the background, his â€Å"companions†, completely oblivious to the intense derangement the central figure is experiencing. Human beings have an innate need to be accepted or to belong, as such, the isolation, loneliness, and terror the screaming figure was exhibiting must have been so abstract and profound that it could only be expressed in â€Å"The Scream†. In summary, Edvard Munch’s masterpiece, â€Å"The Scream† is a painting that screams emotion. It was the style and composition that sparked the Expressionist movement in the late eighteenth century, which, in turn, evoked numerous other styles. With just one painting, Munch was able to portray an entire spectrum of human emotion ranging from calm to almost the violently sublime. It is no doubt that such a work was sold for a large fortune because of how iconic and breathtaking this painting is. It represents a distant memory of an expressive period of time in human history where not everything was soap dramas, commercials, and the internet. It represented a time of artistic inspiration, an understanding and observance of something truly monolithic and omnipotent, nature. Works Cited â€Å"Expressionism. † Dictionary. com. Dictionary. com, n. d. Web. 02 Jan. 2013. â€Å"The Scream by Edvard Munch: Art History Picture of the Painting. † The Scream by Edvard Munch: Art History Picture of the Painting. N. p. , n. d. Web. 02 Jan. 2013. â€Å"Edvard Munch. † Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 01 June 2012. Web. 03 Jan. 2013. How to cite Evard Munch’s â€Å"The Scream†, Papers Evard Munch’s â€Å"The Scream† Free Essays Analysis of Edvard Munch’s â€Å"The Scream† Just a few months ago, a painting by the famous Norwegian painter Edvard Munch titled â€Å"The Scream†, was sold in an auction for an unprecedented $120 million American dollars. Even at first glance, it is easy to notice why this artwork is so valuable and iconic. The vibrant colors used in the painting along with the emotions it conveys all stand out very distinctly. We will write a custom essay sample on Evard Munch’s â€Å"The Scream† or any similar topic only for you Order Now The screaming man’s expression, the colors, as well as the swirling motion of the sky, work together to invoke in its audience primal feelings. Initial impressions of the painting are often those feelings associated with the sublime, foreboding, angst, and a bit of terror, thrown in for good measure. All in all, this very famous expressionist piece of art is trying to express to its audience the absolute fearsomeness and awesomeness in nature. â€Å"The Scream† is a contrast between the vastness and majesty of nature and the insubstantiality of mankind. â€Å"The Scream† was painted by Norwegian artist, Edvard Munch between 1893 and 1910 during the Expressionist period. According to Dictionary. com, expressionism is, â€Å" a style of art developed in the 20th century, characterized chiefly by heavy, often black lines that define forms, sharply contrasting, often vivid colors, and subjective or symbolic treatment of thematic material† (dictionary. com). During this period, artists such as Munch put heavy emphasis on perspectives of the individual as well as emotional angst. The painting itself was painted on a cardboard canvas with oils and is roughly 36 inches high by 28. inches wide. The size of the painting shows that the â€Å"screaming† figure in the foreground is very close to lifesize, which makes it the focal point of attention, and causes the audience to first notice the figure and its chilling expression followed by the stark contrasts of light and dark behind the figure, and it is here where the painting derives much of its emotion. Behind the â€Å"screaming† man is a river which flows into the night, which bleeds in to day. Munch’s use of light and dark colors seems to represent calm and anguish, respectively. In the background of the painting are two figures walking into the the horizon, not paying any mind to the blood-red sky nor the despairing man screaming on the bridge. The figures walking away could be seen as Munch’s emphasis on the individual’s perspective. The screaming man is the individual and he realizes both the benevolence and malevolence of nature and can do nothing but scream. The two featureless figures in the background could represent Munch’s expression of the group or group mentality, who are only concerned with their daily lives and are completely unaware of the daunting vastness of nature presented right before their eyes. Perhaps this is Munch’s way to describe how he feels about society as a whole. He feels disconnected from the group as only he notices the horror about his surroundings. Only he sees the violence in the landscape. The direction of the painting seems to be counter-clockwise, originating from the screamer’s head. The reason for this could be that Munch was showing us that perhaps the â€Å"screaming† man is projecting his realities outward, as it spreads from the river to the bloodstained skies. According to the Art History Guide, â€Å"Munch suffered from agoraphobia, which could explain why the vast open space in the background gives the feeling of being overhwhelm[ed]† (Arthistoryguide. com). This would also explain the main figure’s expression of fear and anxiety. The reason why Munch painted this piece has been debated throughout the years. However, sometimes some explanations can be the most obvious ones. In an article found on Wikipedia, regarding the painting, it describes how Munch wrote, â€Å"†I was walking down the road with two friends when the sun set; suddenly, the sky turned as red as blood. I stopped and leaned against the fence, feeling unspeakably tired. Tongues of fire and blood stretched over the bluish black fjord. My friends went on walking, while I lagged behind, shivering with fear. Then I heard the enormous, infinite scream of nature. † (Wikipedia. org). Judging by the main figure’s pose, with his hands covering his ears in shock, one can assume that when he heard nature’s scream, it was deafeningly loud. The sheer intensity of the volume along with the traumatic experience of existential angst is what is, most likely, producing the look of terror on the main figure’s face. His facial expression is a very good translation of what Munch’s idea of absolute terror might be. The colors in the background support this idea further through Munch’s choice of powerful, expressive colors. The deep crimson hues give off a feeling of danger, paranoia, and anxiety while the dark blues relates to loneliness or sadness. The terror is further exemplified with the figures in the background, his â€Å"companions†, completely oblivious to the intense derangement the central figure is experiencing. Human beings have an innate need to be accepted or to belong, as such, the isolation, loneliness, and terror the screaming figure was exhibiting must have been so abstract and profound that it could only be expressed in â€Å"The Scream†. In summary, Edvard Munch’s masterpiece, â€Å"The Scream† is a painting that screams emotion. It was the style and composition that sparked the Expressionist movement in the late eighteenth century, which, in turn, evoked numerous other styles. With just one painting, Munch was able to portray an entire spectrum of human emotion ranging from calm to almost the violently sublime. It is no doubt that such a work was sold for a large fortune because of how iconic and breathtaking this painting is. It represents a distant memory of an expressive period of time in human history where not everything was soap dramas, commercials, and the internet. It represented a time of artistic inspiration, an understanding and observance of something truly monolithic and omnipotent, nature. Works Cited â€Å"Expressionism. † Dictionary. com. Dictionary. com, n. d. Web. 02 Jan. 2013. â€Å"The Scream by Edvard Munch: Art History Picture of the Painting. † The Scream by Edvard Munch: Art History Picture of the Painting. N. p. , n. d. Web. 02 Jan. 2013. â€Å"Edvard Munch. † Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 01 June 2012. Web. 03 Jan. 2013. How to cite Evard Munch’s â€Å"The Scream†, Essay examples

Crucible Characters Description Essay Example For Students

Crucible Characters Description Essay Giles Corey, Rebecca Nurse, and John Proctor all have something in common whichendanger them when the witch-hunt begins. The play, The Crucible, by ArthurMiller is a portrayal of the Salem witch trials. In the play there are threecharacters, Giles, Rebecca, and John all die at the end. These three people allhave something in common which endangers them during the witch-hunt and laterleads to their death. The one thing that these three people have in common isthat they are all full of pride. One of these people is Giles Corey. In the playhe is killed for two different things. One thing was that he would not giveDanforth the name of the person who told him that Thomas Putnam was trying toget rid of the people in the town so that he could buy their land when they weregone. This is what originally got him arrested. Later they charged him as awitch and he would not answer his indictment. Because he didnt answer hisindictment they could not charge him with being a witch. Therefore, he save d hisname and his pride. Another person who has the same thing in common with Gilesis Rebecca. Throughout the play there are time where she shows the reader thesequalities. When she is faced with something she will always follow her religion. Never will she go against her religion even if it means to save her life. Anexample from the book is when she is in court and in jail Hale is begging withher to confess. She will not confess and she is later hung. Because of herstubbornness or pride she lost her life. Another person is John proctor who alsohis pride gets in the way of his decision making. One reason, which goes alongwith most of the people, was that he did not confess in the court. Later in thestory, however, he does decide to confess. He signs the papers and everything. He is fine with this until he finds out that the signed confession will beposted on the door of the church. When he finds this out he then rips up thepaper and does not confess. He is also hung for this and all because he wantedto save his name. In The Crucible many people were falsely accused and murderedfor no reason. These three people could have prevented their own death if itwere not for their pride. All they had to do was confess and spend some time injail and that would be it. Because they wanted to save their names and pridethey all ended up killing themselves.

Russian Treaty Thing Essays - North Caucasus, Chechen People

Russian Treaty Thing To most students and a good part of the rest of American society, the issues which have come to surface and shed blood over miles of terrain are intricate and internal, issues which can't be put to rest by signing a piece of paper or so called treaty. The internal structure of Russia has been weakened time and time again for the past decade and the problems and disgruntled begin to lash out as the lack of concern becomes more and more obvious. Since the recent assignation attempt, the fourth on the life of Aslan Maskhadov and the first in his capacity as President of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria on July 23, 1998, combined with the vast scale of organized crime, abductions and seemingly unrestricted terrorism over the last 18 months, the unquestioned, taken for granted rights of life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness, begin to become a question of validity. For one to try and fathom the fright felt by the Chechen civilians' or begin to wonder why this is happening would be imposs ible, but by taking a closer look at the parties involved in this crisis can help us to understand the issues at place. Amongst all of this horror lies the participants involved, whether a political, ethnic, interest or religious group, each has its own reasons and goals. One participant, the President of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria Aslan Maskhadov, has only been in office since January of 1997, but remains unbowed in his determination to restore law and order. Unfortunately, attempts on his life have been made before and will most likely be made again. If it is the case that Maskhadov is killed or removed from power, the likelihood for a civil war would grow, resulting in the ultimate consequence of which could become a catastrophe, not only for Chechnya, the North Caucasus and the ?independent' republics of the Transcaucasus, but ultimately for Russia as a whole. A second participant, the President of Russia, has had a huge impact in the progress of this conflict. Mr. Yeltsin is determined to wipe out the entire opposition, rebels, guerrillas, even regular plain clothed civilians refusing to ab andon their homes. This has been stressed time and time again as his men have repeatedly bombed Chechynan land and city's relentlessly, including the capital, Groznyy, which his men plan to fully encircle by mid December. A third participant in this ongoing turmoil is Prime Minister Vladimir Putin. Putin, a former intelligence officer and head of the Federal Security Service and the main successor to the KGB, was promoted from intelligence chief to Prime Minister. Due to his dedication and similarities, Mr. Yeltsin exonerates Vladimir as the man he'd like to see as President. It is nice to know that Mr. Yeltsin admires Vladimir Putin but it sure doesn't thrill me knowing that the Russian Duma voted to confirm Putin as the countries new premier. A fourth participant is the Senior Russian Commander, General Valery Manilov. Manilov is the Russian army's first deputy chief of staff and main Chechnya mouthpiece and recently announced the launch of a new phase in the campaign, saying troops would now pursue the rebels into the mountains. Though the Russians' have proved wise up to now, they have yet to fight the Chechens one on one where the sniper filled streets of Groznyy and Guerrilla warfare methods of the mountains have proved deadly for the Russians. Though Manilov hasn't suffered huge casualties as of yet, he should be wise and cautious about how he decides to take Groznyy. A fifth participant in this ordeal is the British Government though nothing has been spoken about interference of assistance to Chechnya, Russia has been told that they better watch what they do. This is all that has been said for now but if the bloodshed massacre continues more may come. A sixth participant involved in this issue is The Federation Coun cil. The Federation Council is the weaker half of the legislature, but still has been vested with considerable authority under the 1993 constitution. Deputies have the power to confirm border changes within the federation, approve the introduction of martial law or a state of emergency by the president

How to Write An Essay

How to Write An EssayIn your toeic essay answer student sample you should be able to take a look at the structure of the essay. This will help you determine what questions to ask in your essay, and how to fill out your study guides as well. Your structure should be based on the purpose of the essay.The first part of your toeic essay answer student sample is to determine the purpose of the essay. Make sure that you indicate your reasons for writing the essay. Then write a few paragraphs explaining why you wrote the essay.During the last section of your toeic essay answer student sample ask yourself, how to fill in the information. How do you want to answer the question? What you are looking for is a detailed explanation of what you have written in your essay. The reason that you are answering these questions is so that you will be able to make a clear and thorough outline for your essay.In your toeic essay answer student sample, it would be nice to find a resource that will answer you for free. The best one to use is probably an online tool that can offer you a review of your essay so that you can get some feedback on your work. Look for the resource to be less than one hundred pages.When you are compiling your outline, make sure that you look over the footnotes for anything that you need to change. If you don't, then you may not be able to quickly find your footnotes when you need them. Footnotes are useful, but they can be a huge burden on your book. For this reason, if you find a resource that is going to provide a lot of information and footnotes for you to reference, then look into using it. It's a good way to avoid forgetting important things.The last part of your toeic essay answer student sample is to go back and edit the essay. Do this by trying to read through your essay again and making notes about anything that you didn't like. This is a process that takes time. You will have to make notes at every level of your essay, from the beginning to the end. At the end, make sure that you are absolutely satisfied with the work that you have done.Once you have completed your toeic essay answer student sample, you should have the outline that you need to start the writing process. During this time, the most important thing is to write on a regular basis. Each day, write five pages or more. And be sure to make copies of the essay for your references.In order to help you in your toeic essay answer student sample, make sure that you take a look at the tip on how to write. This tip is the first step in making your essay professional. It will help you to produce a masterpiece that everyone will be proud to read.

Anthra essays

Anthra essays The world today can be a very confusing place. This especially applies to living in the United States, where one is not really sure which group they belong to, if they belong to any one group at all. With a variety of things constantly tugging at the thin fabric holding the "melting pot" of America together it's amazing how devices designed to permanently shatter those thin bonds actually strengthen them. It is for this reason that the recent terrorist attacks have not destroyed American society. The threat of future attacks as well as the threat of biological warfare cannot defeat lady liberty. The primary function of the threat of biological warfare is not to kill large amounts of people, but rather to create fear and instill a sense of vulnerability in a society; in this case, with the hope of tearing down the loose sense of togetherness we share. Although we may not be completely prepared to deal with a full-scale biological weapon attack, we do have a set playback for just such an emergency. In the event of the unleashing of a biological weapon, government employees at both the local and state level such as firefighters and police officers will be needed as part of the first line of defense in order to contain further outbreaks. Also, reserve units, as well as the National Guard, would be useful for similar tasks. Unfortunately, the equipment and training necessary to handle a biological attack of this magnitude would be under the auspices of the CDC, or Center for Disease Control. In order to protect the United States from a variety of biological attacks; pharmaceutical companies must begin the mass manufacturing of different forms of treatment for several different biological weapons. Coordinating this kind of response system in the event of a biological attack is the responsibility of Tom Ridge, director of the new Offi ce of Homeland Security. Biological weapons are much better suited to causing panic and distrust for one'...

How to Calculate Your Heat Index Temperature

How to Calculate Your Heat Index Temperature You check the high temperature to see how hot the day will be. But in summer, theres another temperature besides air temperature thats just as important for knowing how hot you should expect to feel the Heat Index. The Heat Index tells you how hot it feels outdoors and is a good tool for determining how at risk you may be on a given day and time to  heat-related illnesses.  How can you find this summer temperature? There are 3 ways (other than looking at your forecast) to find out what your current Heat Index value is:   look at a Heat Index chart,use a Heat Index weather calculator, orcalculate it by hand using the Heat Index equation. Heres how to do each. Reading a Heat Index Chart Use your favorite weather app, watch your local news, or visit your NWS local page to find the current air temperature and humidity where you live. Write these down.Download this NWS Heat Index chart. Print it in color or open it in a new internet tab.To find the Heat Index temperature, put your finger on your air temperature. Next, run your finger across until you reach your relative humidity value (round to the nearest 5%). The number you stop at is your Heat Index.   The colors on a Heat Index chart tell how likely you are to suffer heat illness at specific Heat Index values. Light yellow areas indicate caution; dark yellow areas, extreme caution; orange areas, danger; and red, extreme danger. Keep in mind that Heat Index values on this chart are for shaded locations. If youre in direct sunlight, it can feel up to 15 F hotter than whats listed. Using a Heat Index Weather Calculator Use your favorite weather app, watch your local news, or visit your NWS local page to find the current air temperature and humidity where you live. (Instead of humidity, you could also use dew point temperature.) Write these down.Go to the online NWS Heat Index Calculator.Enter the values you wrote down into the correct calculator. Be sure to enter your numbers in the correct boxes either Celsius or Fahrenheit!Click calculate. The result will be displayed below in both Fahrenheit and Celcius. Now you know how hot it feels outside! Calculating Heat Index By Hand Use your favorite weather app, watch your local news, or visit your NWS local page to find the current air temperature (in  °F) and humidity (percentage). Write these down.To approximate the heat index value, plug your temperature and humidity values into this equation and solve. Resources Links National Weather Service. What is the heat index? National Weather Service Amarillo, TX. Accessed 30 July 2015.

How to quit smoking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

How to quit smoking - Essay Example There are several methods that can help to quit smoking. Nicotine gum is one method that can help to quit smoking only when it is used to as a program to change the behavior. Nicotine gum can help to control cravings and also withdrawal symptom. It can help to double the rate of quitting. It can become hard for people to quit smoking when they are addicted towards it. Nicotine gum contains nicotine which makes people to addict towards smoking. Nicotine released after chewing nicotine gum helps to replace some of the nicotine that was stored during smoking cigarettes. Nicotine level in the gun is in less quantity that that of cigarettes. It can help to reduce withdrawal symptoms such as frustration, irritability, anger and anxiety (Krumhol, 2002). Nicotine gum helps to avoid Carbon monoxide and other harmful chemicals that acquired from smoking. Most smokers want to quit smoking but the addiction towards it makes difficult. Of course one needs good support to help them quit smoking (Goldberg, 2009). Nicotine gum is the first step that can help to quit smoking (Gansler, 2010). Ultimately it is up to the smoker to decide what is good for them. Smokers who are prepared to quit smoking must have this gum to control their urge to quit smoking (Brannon, 2013). The urge of s moking may evolve only when someone quit smoking. But people who want to quit smoking must be prepared to control their addiction. But if someone don’t plan for their urges then they are most likely to smoke again (Hales, 2008). Nicotine gums helps to remove cravings that are caused by smoking. People must have sufficient willpower to quit smoking. Nicotine gum is helpful when people are strongly tempted towards smoking (Carlson, 2004). Each puff of smoking cigarette emits 4700 different harmful chemical compounds. Information shows that are very fatal and every day millions of people die to smoking (Foody, 2007). In short smokers can get many types of diseases; one of

Introduction to Management, Information Systems and Organisations unit Essay

Introduction to Management, Information Systems and Organisations unit - Essay Example Red Rose Entertainment is a video shop which was established in 2000 in Queens Town, Australia. Since its inception, the shop mainly relied on catalogue cards when issuing videos to the customers. However, the organisation has underscored to expand its operations and penetrate other areas but this requires it to adopt a new computerised system as well as hire more employees in order to improve on efficiency. In order to meet the changing demands of the environment to be more flexible there is pressure from the workers who want to be developed and trained to play a part in decision making in areas that affect them and their work. Leadership is defined as the ability to influence a group of people towards the achievement of organisational goals (Robins S.P., Odendaal A.& Roodt G. 2001). Basically, leadership is concerned with the vision of the organisation and it should be noted that leading is a function of management where a leader instigates change that is aimed towards the achievement of the organisational goals. The leadership and the employees ought to work hand in hand in order to achieve the vision of the organisation which has underscored to expand its operations. A leader often takes a leading role in developing and inspiring staff to improve on their performance which in turn leads to increased productivity in terms of offering satisfactory products and services to the customers with the aim of achieving organisational goals. A leader should always display positive traits that can be emulate by the juniors in the company. Basically, leadership is mainly concerned with taking a long term perspective of the organisation where a leader seeks to motivate the members of staff through developing relationships of trust among the workers (Bates et al 2005). In the case of Red Rose Entertainment, democratic, participatory leadership style is more ideal as

Mcdonalds Marketing Campaigns And Glocalisation Marketing Essay

Mcdonalds Marketing Campaigns And Glocalisation Marketing Essay McDonalds Corporation is the worlds largest chain of hamburger fast food restaurants, serving more than 58 million customers daily (McDonalds- company history). The company came into existence in 1940 by two brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald in San Berdardino, California. The corporation was the pioneer in introducing Speedee Service System in 1948, which is now known as fast food. The present corporation dates its founding to the opening of a franchised restaurant by Ray Kroc in Des Plaines, Illinois on April 15, 1955. Kroc later on went to purchase the McDonalds brother equity from the company. The use of aggressive businesses practices is what defined him as an individual (www.wikipedia.com). One of the main factors for McDonalds immense growth over the years came from Glocalization, where they started entering new markets by either offering a franchisee, an affiliate or the corporation itself. The corporations revenues came from rent, royalties and fees paid by the franchisee s as well as sales generated from the company owned outlets. Glocalisation (or glocalization) is a combination of globalization and localization.   By definition, the term glocal refers to an individual, group, division, unit, organisation, and community which are willing and able to think globally and act locally (ABCs Social Media, September 18th 2008). McDonalds have spread their business to many other countries and rely heavily upon the importance of thinking global and acting local in order to suit the tastes and preferences of cultures of various countries. Kroc believed the corporation could make more money if it appealed to children and went onto sponsoring a kids TV show called bozo the clown (www.bbc.co.uk, A brief history of McDonalds). McDonalds continued to grow as a chain over the USA. Having covered the states, McDonalds first overseas restaurant was in Australia in 1971. The company made its presence felt in most of the European countries. However, the corporation noticed an immense demand and a young vibrant market in the Indian sub-continent. McDonalds first entered India in October 1996 by establishing a joint venture in New Delhi managed by 2 Indians Amit Jatia the managing director of Hardcastle Restaurants spearheaded McDonalds in west and south India while McDonalds in North and East of India are owned and managed by Vikram Bakshi the entrepreneur of Connaught plaza restaurants (www.mcdonaldsindia.com). McDonalds has won several awards in consecutive years from 2001-07. It has built a strong relation with more than 2.75 lakh customers who place their trust in the brand everyday by providing them the highest quality of food and at a great value. OBJECTIVES OF MCDONALDS (company perspective)- McDonalds underwent a lot of changes in order to adapt to the Indian market. As mentioned by McDonalds management in their Indian website- Our strategy is to achieve best value by enhancing experience (offering best quality), while keeping prices low. The objectives of the corporation remain unchanged as they follow the same procedure which defines their global standard. Their main emphasis is on providing food that is served hot and fresh, made from the highest quality ingredients, served within minutes of placing the order (www.mcdonaldsindia.com). However, the companies main objectives in order to ensure consumers have a truly Indian experience is- Local sourcing is the key for truly Indian products- the corporation has developed local Indian businesses, which supply them the highest quality products required for their Indian operations. Respect for Indian customs and culture- McDonalds worldwide is well known for the high degree of respect to local culture. In line with its respect for local culture, India is the first country where the corporation does not offer any pork or beef. An employer of opportunity- an employer of opportunity, providing long term careers and quality employment to the Indian population. Quality, service, cleanliness and value- this is McDonalds USP to provide high quality products, served quickly with a smile and in a clean and pleasant environment. Community partnerships- the corporation believes in giving back to the community it serves. Source- (Mcdonaldsindia) PROMOTION From a marketers point of view, the corporation underwent a huge change in order to market its products in India. Since most of the western nations nearly share the same taste and culture, the corporation uses the theory of standardization since there is hardly any difference in the cultural aspect. However, entering the Indian subcontinent, which differs significantly from the west and also other Asian countries, the corporation got involved in in-depth research before entering the market. Press coverage Media advertisements and tag lines- Media for children- McDonalds advertised their kids meal on cartoon channels by showing a free toy with the purchase of a burger, which attracted a lot of attention to young children. Community work- community work always catches the eyes of the press. The corporation has participated in several fields which contribute to the community as a whole. Example- the mayors marathon for cleanliness, the BMC-McDonalds (Bombay municipal corporation) health seminar, housing charities, supporting pulse polio etc. Source- (http://www.mcdonaldsindia.com/mediacenter.html) This brings me to discussing what this research would conduct. The main subject this research would be contributing towards is whether by thinking global and acting local and the corporations marketing objectives help McDonalds attain a profitable and positive consumer base in the Indian subcontinent. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY Marketing campaigns- eagerness of individuals to participate in marketing campaigns. Example- during a festival, are consumers aware of the chance to win a free iPod or to dine in with a celebrity. Marketing mix- how has McDonalds used the marketing mix to adapt itself to the Indian Market. Cultural difference- to identify till what extent has McDonalds gone to culturally adapt itself to the market. Promotional and penetrating strategies adopted by McDonalds with regard to expansion plans and market dominance. Purpose- why do consumers chose McDonalds. This field would encompass the practical idea of cost conscious consumers, societys influence of purchasing patterns, influence of the west, consistency provided by the corporation, influence of children in choosing McDonalds, relaxed environment and advertisement campaigns/social campaigns. New concepts- asking individuals how McDonalds can serve their customers better. This might be in the form of having more location, introducing a concept such a drive thru in more locations, adding more to their existing menu in order to avoid repetitive purchase and stagnancy. LIMITATION This research survey would be targeted towards gaining information on consumers in India and their perception over McDonalds marketing objectives and how well has their Glocalization (thinking global and acting local) campaign help individuals develop loyalty towards the brand. From a companies perspective, the research would help understand and identify the corporations marketing activities but however would not give an insight into the budget that is allocated for them to carry out their tasks. Chapter one: introduction to the study Introduction Objectives of the study Scope of the study Chapter two: global marketing 2.1 The paradoxes of globalization 2.2 The globalization process 2.3 The positioning of Global brands 2.4 Global brands- The cobnsumer point of view 2.5 Global market entry strategies 2.6 Configuring the global marketing mix 2.7 The product 2.8 The price 2.9 The distribution channels 2.10 The promotion Chapter three: methodology 3.1 Introduction 3.2 The case study method 3.3 Applying the exploratory case study method 3.4 The interviewees 3.5 The interviews focus Chapter four: Mcdonalds: the globalization process The make-Up world market Product categories Segmentation of the market The value of the market The expansion strategy New market development The marketing mix Chapter five: conclusions Introduction Implemented strategies analysis Problem identification Recommendations Culture and competitive advantage Effective international division structure Future managerial applications Abstract The exploratory research helps identify and examine how McDonalds corporation manages its marketing strategies based on the concept of Globalization. It helps examine and explore how the American fast food giant has adapted to the local taste and preferences of individuals in the Indian Sub-continent. Based on the concept of globalization and entering international markets, this research identifies the marketing strategies used by McDonalds corporation with respect to the marketing mix, buyer behavior based on consumer perception, cultural adaptation and promotional tools for further business expansion Qualitative research used in this research encompasses interviewing branch managers of McDonalds in selected location in India. The research also focuses on the perception and buying behavior of individuals who dine in McDonalds. The information obtained defines detailed description of various responses from the individuals interviewed, which eventually led to the completion of the research of how the corporation has used globalization and its tools for its marketing strategies in the Indian Sub-continent. Since globalization is a broad concept, the only limitation that this research faces is the clash of cultures, which can be defined as the main driver for problems associated with globalization. The problem identified in the research is based both on basis of society and the organization. This study is based solely on the concept of globalization used by McDonalds for its marketing strategies in the Indian sub-continent and there is no mentioning of comparisons to McDonalds outlets in different countries since the cross cultural analysis would be very limited and would result in the research being incomplete. Eventually, recommendations in the conclusion column is mentioned to address the future strategies that can help McDonalds achieve a more profound and effective approach for achieving a higher market growth. CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW INTRODUCTION Globalization describes the process by which regional economies, societies and cultures have become integrated through a global network of communication, transportation and trade. However, there are several limitations associated with globalization from, the main factor being cross cultural analysis. This is where a new concept emerged, the term Glocalization, meaning think global by acting local. McDonalds have spread their business to many other countries and rely heavily upon the importance of thinking global and acting local in order to suit the tastes and preferences of cultures of various countries. Emphasising on this factor has helped the corporation build effective marketing strategies which have led to a profitable consumer base in India. In order to identify and the marketing objectives of the corporation and the perception that individuals have of the global brand, quantitative research can help establish a base/platform for identifying how these factors contribute to the success of McDonalds in India. To help identify the major objectives of the research, the following forms of secondary research are used- Internal company data Surveys Journals Web articles Computerized databases METHODOLOGY Secondary research can be helpful in identifying the current problem but does not guarantee any solution to the problem at hand. The McDonalds corporation has entered the market only to be welcomed. Years of research have led the corporation to a thorough understanding of the culture and sentiments of the public. The globalization process helps us understand that the buying process does not adhere to the product itself but is associated with fundamental cultural attributes/values which McDonalds understand and values. According to McDonalds senior management (www.mcdonaldsindia.com), standardization of their product is the main phenomena behind their company objectives. However, one key drawback to standardization is that it refers to a product rather than a consumer. A standardized product might be a failure when the cultural aspect comes into question. Hence the adaptation strategy used by McDonalds emphasizes on the consumer more than the product that they offer. (Cateora, 1993) m entions marketeers must be made aware of the diverse cultures present in other countries if they intend on having a profitable international expansion. Applying qualitative research in the form of journal articles, web articles and internal data helps formulate an appropriate research design (Naresh k Malhotra, Marketing research, page 96). Using the corporations internal data, the research identifies what types of entry and adaptation strategies have McDonalds used in India to give its product a definite Indian touch. Before entering the market, McDonalds had to understand the nature and consumption patterns on the Indian fast food industry. The staple fast food diet of individuals before the introduction of McDonalds was- pizza, burgers, chaat (traditional), vada pav (traditional), pani puri (traditional) etc. the leading fast food joints in this sector were Nirulas for pizzas and hot dogs (www.nirulas.com), Wimpys for its burgers, pizza corner, Haladirams for traditional and global fast food cuisine and several other local competitors. The corporation realized and understood the potential for growth in this sector. According to the Government of India website (http://business.gov.in/Industry_services/retailing.php), India is one of the most attractive markets for retail investment. Many national and global players have been investing in the retail segment and have ambitious plans for further expansion. The vast middle class with rising purchasing power are attracting global retail giants into th e almost untapped retail industry. Some of the international players already present in the Indian market include fast food chains like McDonalds and Pizza Huts; Dominos; Levis; Lee; Nike; Adidas; Benetton; Sony; Sharp; Kodak; etc. The investment opportunities in the domestic retail industry lay in most of the product categories particularly food and grocery (the largest category). According to (McDonalds India), the company invested four years to develop its unique cold chain, which has brought about a veritable revolution in food handling, immensely benefitting the farmers at one end and enabling customers to get the highest quality food products, absolutely fresh and at a great value. By using the theory penetration pricing, McDonalds priced its products at rates fairly less in comparison to its global locations. Example- a Mc chicken meal in London costs a person 3.5 GBP. The same meal in India would cost an individual $ 1. Its exclusive vegetarian burgers cost less than 30 pence. Another interesting factor that revolves around the taste a quality that differs from region to region in McDonalds products in order to serve the local taste that consumers prefer, the corporation decided to outsource their supplies to local supplier, hence keeping costs down which eventually benefits both consumers and the corporation. With regards to globalization, the corporation has set its objectives to offering their customers a complete Indian experience, which suits their culture. From a consumers perspective, branding plays an important role when it comes to choosing a product. As mentioned by ( ), the spending patterns of the Indian consumers has evolved over time. The maximum they tend to spend is on food. Since trade and commerce is growing in the country, the consumers are more aware of international brands entering the market and being bombarded with several advertisements which catches their attention and sentiments. POSITIONING OF MCDONALDS The corporate strategy of every multi-national corporation is to enter international markets. According to Keegan (1999), there are three product categories in the local-to-global continuum: national, international and global. However with regards to McDonalds, the research would only compare the differences in a national product and a global product. A national product is the one that, in a context of a particular company is offered in a single national market. Sometimes national products appear when a global company caters to the needs and preferences of countries sharing similar cultures. Example- McDonalds has its standardized product which it sells the world over Mc Aloo Tikki. Since the majority of the population in India are vegetarian, the corporation introduced its first vegetarian burger which suits the tastes and preferences of the local population and the major share of sales for McDonalds in India is derived from its vegetarian products. (www.mcdonaldsindia.com) A global product is offered in global markets. They are international and multi-regional. Example- McDonalds serves its Mc chicken burger in America, Europe, Asia, South East Asia, Australia and NewZealand. This is because the nature of the product suits the tastes and preferences of most cultures. By consulting web articles from ( ), the research identifies approach adopted by McDonalds to advertise its products in India. This would help the research identify the marketing mix adopted by the corporation to suit the Indian sub-continent. Since McDonalds is a global brand, its marketing mix varies from region to region catering to the difference in consumer taste and preferences as well as perception. Perception is what holds the key to positioning a brand. According to Trout and Ries, positioning is not what you do to a product. Positioning is what you do to the mind of the prospect. That is, you position (place) the product in the mind of the prospect. Since that time in marketing, positioning is the technique in which marketers try to create an image or identity for a product, brand, or company in the perception of the target market. What matter is how potential buyers see the product? It is expressed relative to the position of the competitors. Another factor that proves to be a factor which effects globalization is communication. Globalization does bring the world together but however, sharing of cultures and languages of different regions can be a strenuous task not resulting in productivity at times. However the concept of glocalization questions this statement. Having a thorough knowledge of any market can only be possible if there is a local citizen belonging to that region working with you. Hence, having tie-ups and the concept of franchising has helped McDonalds corporation overcome this dilemma and grow in a country where language would have been the main barrier. Quantitative research has helped the research identify how McDonalds promotes its product in a country consisting of a vast social diversity. As mentioned by a web article by (DR. Amit Rangnekar), India as a country has 20 different languages, 800 + dialects and 8 languages for national launch, can make a new product launch for any multi-national company risky and difficult by not choosing the right medium. Extensive use of the media helped capture the attention of several audiences. The corporation understood the sentiments of the population, which helped them, establish a proper communication network to address the needs of the consumers in all major languages spoken. Focussing on the Indian population, the corporation has gone to the extent of creating advertisements which capture the attention of the audience. Example- Leo Burnetts advertisement and taglines for McDonalds India- for the happy meal which was introduced in 1997 what your bahaana is? meaning what is your excuse. purane zamaane ka daam, bees mein full dhamaal- meaning (prices so low that would attract your ancestors, enjoy a blast by paying only Rs 20) and recently Im loving it. McDonalds has undergone a lot of press coverage. As quoted by (The Hindu Business Line)- happy to go McDesi covers how McDonalds besides adapting to Indian tastes is offering a range of touch points for customers on the go. It is focussed on having its presence felt in all spheres right from petrol pumps to kiosks to drive thru and home delivery. (http://www.mcdonaldsindia.com/mediacenter.html) With reference to these advertisements and slogans, the research identifies the significant impact a thoroughly understood marketing campaign has on individuals. The brand has positioned itself to suit pockets of nearly all individuals. With my personal experience, the product that is priced the cheapest in McDonalds India, can suit the pocket of a Labour, who own $ 10/day. Understanding the value and sentiments of individuals has the corporation develop a profound and trustworthy consumer base. According to Dr. Amit Rangnekar of NMIMS, McDonaldsstrategy is based on 5 key drivers of exceptional consumer experiences- People + the 4 Ps and founded on the belief of 3 success components- Operational Leadership marketing Innovation The intent of delivering an exceptional experience to almost 2.75 lakh people a day who place their trust in the brand and offering better efficiency and speed of service is what differentiates McDonalds from local counterparts in India. The efficiency with which they use their resources and the use of technology helps them retain their brand essence. Consumer perception associated with global brands has evolved over the years. According to a survey conducted by (KSA Technopak), the sector for eating out is growing tremendously, since consumer spending is increasing. The Urban fast food sector is growing at a rate of 20 % and quotes McDonalds is just not a substitute for Indian food, its just one more option for people to exercise. Indians want a taste of America but not on a regular basis as quoted by survey conducted by KSA Technopak and Dr. Amit Rangnekar. Inflexibility in the product mix could be their undoing. However, innovation has led to the introduction of products which has resulted in increased footfall of consumers eating at McDonalds and growth in the number of outlets nationwide. Concentrating on the marketing mix of McDonalds, quantitative data has helped the research identify- Pricing strategy Promotional strategy